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LESSON FIVE EXERCISES: ENDOCRINE EXERCISE #1: Diabetes Quiz * from a Patient Education tool. 1. POLYURIA is a symptom of diabetes. This is the result of the body's attempt to: a. move the glucose to the areas that need it b. get rid of excess fluids that have accumulated in the body c. get rid of the excess glucose that is in the blood 2. Sometimes a condition known as ACIDOSIS occurs. This is indicated by the presence of: a. protein in the urine b. blood in the urine c. acetone in the urine and blood 3. If a diabetic is feeling thirsty, nauseated, has a headache, and has polyuria, they should FIRST: a. stop taking their insulin or oral hypoglycemic tablet until they feel better b. eat some candy or sweets c. test their blood glucose and call the M.D. 4. Some typical symptoms of insulin reaction are: a. nausea, lack of appetite, diarrhea, fever b. nausea, headache, fever, drowsiness c. trembling, mental irritability, pallor, hunger 5. Illness or infection will most likely cause the blood sugar to: a. increase b. decrease c. stay the same 6. If two types of insulin are being mixed n one syringe, the first type of insulin to be drawn out of the vial should be: a. long-acting b. fast -acting c. the larger dose 7. A diabetic may get hypoglycemic when: a. he eats too much food b. he doesn't eat all of his diet c. he does not take his insulin on time
8. In diabetes, a person: a. does not have enough glucose b. does not have enough functional insulin c. has too much natural insulin 9. Blood relatives of diabetics: a. inherit diabetes b. inherit a tendency to develop diabetes c. there is no relationship between heredity and diabetes 10. Proper amounts of insulin can: a. allow the diabetic to eat anything b. cure diabetes c. control diabetes 11. In caring for his feet, a diabetic should: a. use sharp scissors to cut toenails, corns, and calluses to prevent infections b. bathe his feet daily in hot water with a good disinfectant c. inspect his feet daily and report any irritation of cut to the doctor 12. Cuts and wounds, in the lower extremities especially, will heal slowly in the diabetic because: a. the excess sugar in the blood damages blood vessels b. the excess insulin in the blood interferes with the healing process c. the blood is slow to clot 13. When a diabetic feels any of the symptoms of low blood sugar, the first thing he should do is: a. take fruit juice or a concentrated sweet immediately b. ask a relative to call 911 c. drink some strong, black coffee 14. Oral diabetic tablets: a. are oral insulin b. stimulate the pancreas secrete more insulin c. cure diabetes
8. The main action of DIGOXIN is to: a. dilate blood vessels b. speed up the heart c. constrict blood vessels 9. As the nurse, you would "hold" the meart a. the B/P was less than 100 systolic b. the heart rate c. the heart rate was below 80 d. the heart rate was below 60 10. Your patient is receiving especially need to tell the patient: a. "don't take with water" b. "use caution with salt" c. "never stop taking abruptly" d. "always take before meals" 11. Angina is caused by: a. congestive heart failure b. hypotension and tachycardia c. hypoxia of the mitral valve d. hypoxia of the myocardial muscle 12. Nitroglycerine is used to treat angina because: a. it dilates coronary arteries b. it constricts coronary arteries c. it relieves shortness of breath d. it increases cardiac output 13. Angina is usually described by the patient as: a. sharp and piercing b. uncomfortable palpitations c. crushing pressure d. nausea and dizziness
14. You instruct your client with hypertension to avoid salt because: a. sodium cases vascoconstriction b. salt damages the kidney c. salt counteracts his medications d. sodium increases water retention 15. When patients administer nitroglycerine at home for angina, they may administer the sublingual tablet: a. up to 6 times, 10 minutes apart b. no more than 3 times an hour c. up to 3 times, 5 minutes apart d. no more than 3 times a day 16. When the sublingual tablet of NTG has not relieved the angina, the patient should be instructed to: a. call 911 b. call their doctor c. wait 30 minutes, then drive to the nearest E. R. d. wait 30 minutes, then try the NTG again
3. Endorphins are the body's own version of opioids. They are released: a. from the pituitary b. with exercise c. with hot and cold therapy d. after surgery 4. Your 79 year old patient is scheduled for hip surgery. You will need to educate her on the following: a. her right to pain management and the use of the PCA post-op b. her discharge plan will include drugs to control pain at home c. how to manage side effects from her medications d. all of the above EXERCISE #3: NON-NARCOTIC ANALGESICS PRACTICE QUESTIONS 1. Adverse reactions associated with the use of aspirin include: a. vomiting, petechiae, tinnitus b. constipation, polyphagia, hematuria c. hypertension, anaphylactic shock, tachycardia d. bradycardia, hypotension, dermatitis 2. The nurse will administer NSAID's: a. before meals b. with food c. 2 hours after meals d. at bedtime 3. The nurse understands that one of the following drugs will be the least helpful in her client in pain with arthritis: a. aspirin b. ibuprofen c. naprosyn d. acetaminophen
6. When anticonvulsants are administered with other CNS depressant drugs: a. a decreased CNS depressant effect may occur b. an additive CNS depressant effect may occur c. a hypertensive crisis may occur d. there is increased risk for toxicity of the anticonvulsants 7. Which of the following signs and symptoms of Parkinson's disease would the nurse note during the assessment? a. excessive or abnormal hair loss b. hypertension c. masklike facial expression d. dysu 8. Symptoms of withdrawal from antianxiety drugs include: a. irritability and tremors b. bradycardia and hypotension c. occipital headache and hypertension d. sedation and lethargy 9. At a team conference, the nurse states that the monamine oxidase inhibitors are used for the treatment of: a. depression b. anxiety c. nervousness d. stress 10. The nurse would avoid administering lithium with: a. highly salted foods b. meals or immediately after meals c. large amounts of water d. an antacid
2. Use of a pain scale helps the patient describe their pain. Which pain scale is the most widely used for a cognitively intact adult? a. facial expression scale b. wong baker faces scale c. fish scale d. numerical rating 0-10 scale (visual analog scale)