Please help answer each question for a great detailed five star rating please I do not understand epidemiology at all pl
Posted: Fri Jul 15, 2022 5:18 pm
Please help answer each question for a great detailedfive star rating please I do not understand epidemiology at allplease help!!!!
Question 1.) There are 6,713 people aged 65 and older who are atrisk for dementia in the city of Rotterdam, Netherlands. A sampleof 1,756 of people was drawn from this population and enrolled in astudy. Participants were followed for 8 years and 392 incidentdementia cases were identified. Study investigators surveyed allparticipants about their dietary habits at the start of the studyto determine the association between fish consumption anddementia.
a. Identify the study design.
b. What is the exposure and what is the outcome?
c. Name and calculate the main measure of disease occurrence inthis study.
Question 2 .) A US health statistics survey uses a random sampleof phone numbers to call potential participants. During the callthey ask about current health insurance status and whether theindividual has had a flu shot in the past year. 54% of those withhealth insurance reported having a flu shot, 32% of those withouthealth insurance reported having
a flu shot. a. Identify the study design.
b. Name one advantage and one limitation of this studydesign.
c. Which of the following is correct based on the informationabove?
a. The total prevalence of flu shots in the US is 43% b. Theprevalence of flu shots in the exposed is 54% c. Those who have aflu shot are more likely to respond to the survey. d. Theprevalence of flu shots in the exposed is 23%
Question 3.) This study consisted of 25 children and adolescentshospitalized with a systemic hyperinflammatory condition. All hadevidence of a cytokine cascade. All had either recently hadCOVID-19 infection or had a family member who had COVID-19infection.
a. Identify the study design.
b. Name one advantage and one limitation of this studydesign.
c. What would be an ideal use of the findings generated in thisstudy?
Question 4.) All 300 breast cancer cases diagnosed atNorthwestern Memorial Hospital from 2017-2019 are included in thisstudy, as a sample of 500 women diagnosed with heart disease duringthe same time period. 113 of the breast cancer patients reportedtaking hormone replacement therapy during menopause, and 234 of theheart disease patients reported taking hormone replacement therapyduring menopause.
a. Identify the study design (be specific!).
b. What is the exposure and what is the outcome?
c. Calculate the proportion exposed for both cases andcontrols.
Question 5.) Determinants of Differences in 2009 PandemicInfluenza Mortality Rates
a. Identify the study design.
b. Name one advantage and one limitation of this studydesign.
c. Which of the following is correct based on the informationabove? a. Individuals who spent more money on health-relatedproducts were less likely to die b. Spending more money on healthcauses a reduction in flu mortality c. Estonia and Poland had verysimilar pandemic influenza mortality rates d. As per capita healthexpenditure goes up, pandemic influenza mortality declines
Question 6.) Investigators enroll 500 people who work outside indirect sunlight and 500 people who work in an office setting. After5 years of follow-up, 43 of the outside workers have developed skincancer and 34 of the office workers have developed skin cancer. Theoutside workers contribute 2343 person-years to the study and theoffice workers contribute 1715 person-years to the study.
a. Identify the study design.
b. Fill out the following 2x2 table based on the informationabove. Disease Person-Time Exposed Not Exposed Total
c. What is the incidence rate in the exposed?
d. What is the incidence rate in the unexposed?
e.)What is one reason that may explain why incidence is higherin the unexposed?
Question 7.) A US-based nationally representative survey ofolder adults aged 65 and older collected information on dogownership and likelihood of being physically active. There were1,000 individuals in the study. Of the 400 who reported exercising3x a week, 230 reported having a dog. Among the 600 who were notphysically active, 210 reported having a dog.
a. Identify the study design.
b. What is the “exposure” of interest in this study?
c. Fill out the following 2x2 table based on the informationabove. Physically Active Not Physically Active Total Exposed NotExposed Total
d. What is the prevalence of being physically active in theexposed?
e. What is the prevalence of being physically active in theunexposed?
f.)Who is the target population for this study?
Question 1.) There are 6,713 people aged 65 and older who are atrisk for dementia in the city of Rotterdam, Netherlands. A sampleof 1,756 of people was drawn from this population and enrolled in astudy. Participants were followed for 8 years and 392 incidentdementia cases were identified. Study investigators surveyed allparticipants about their dietary habits at the start of the studyto determine the association between fish consumption anddementia.
a. Identify the study design.
b. What is the exposure and what is the outcome?
c. Name and calculate the main measure of disease occurrence inthis study.
Question 2 .) A US health statistics survey uses a random sampleof phone numbers to call potential participants. During the callthey ask about current health insurance status and whether theindividual has had a flu shot in the past year. 54% of those withhealth insurance reported having a flu shot, 32% of those withouthealth insurance reported having
a flu shot. a. Identify the study design.
b. Name one advantage and one limitation of this studydesign.
c. Which of the following is correct based on the informationabove?
a. The total prevalence of flu shots in the US is 43% b. Theprevalence of flu shots in the exposed is 54% c. Those who have aflu shot are more likely to respond to the survey. d. Theprevalence of flu shots in the exposed is 23%
Question 3.) This study consisted of 25 children and adolescentshospitalized with a systemic hyperinflammatory condition. All hadevidence of a cytokine cascade. All had either recently hadCOVID-19 infection or had a family member who had COVID-19infection.
a. Identify the study design.
b. Name one advantage and one limitation of this studydesign.
c. What would be an ideal use of the findings generated in thisstudy?
Question 4.) All 300 breast cancer cases diagnosed atNorthwestern Memorial Hospital from 2017-2019 are included in thisstudy, as a sample of 500 women diagnosed with heart disease duringthe same time period. 113 of the breast cancer patients reportedtaking hormone replacement therapy during menopause, and 234 of theheart disease patients reported taking hormone replacement therapyduring menopause.
a. Identify the study design (be specific!).
b. What is the exposure and what is the outcome?
c. Calculate the proportion exposed for both cases andcontrols.
Question 5.) Determinants of Differences in 2009 PandemicInfluenza Mortality Rates
a. Identify the study design.
b. Name one advantage and one limitation of this studydesign.
c. Which of the following is correct based on the informationabove? a. Individuals who spent more money on health-relatedproducts were less likely to die b. Spending more money on healthcauses a reduction in flu mortality c. Estonia and Poland had verysimilar pandemic influenza mortality rates d. As per capita healthexpenditure goes up, pandemic influenza mortality declines
Question 6.) Investigators enroll 500 people who work outside indirect sunlight and 500 people who work in an office setting. After5 years of follow-up, 43 of the outside workers have developed skincancer and 34 of the office workers have developed skin cancer. Theoutside workers contribute 2343 person-years to the study and theoffice workers contribute 1715 person-years to the study.
a. Identify the study design.
b. Fill out the following 2x2 table based on the informationabove. Disease Person-Time Exposed Not Exposed Total
c. What is the incidence rate in the exposed?
d. What is the incidence rate in the unexposed?
e.)What is one reason that may explain why incidence is higherin the unexposed?
Question 7.) A US-based nationally representative survey ofolder adults aged 65 and older collected information on dogownership and likelihood of being physically active. There were1,000 individuals in the study. Of the 400 who reported exercising3x a week, 230 reported having a dog. Among the 600 who were notphysically active, 210 reported having a dog.
a. Identify the study design.
b. What is the “exposure” of interest in this study?
c. Fill out the following 2x2 table based on the informationabove. Physically Active Not Physically Active Total Exposed NotExposed Total
d. What is the prevalence of being physically active in theexposed?
e. What is the prevalence of being physically active in theunexposed?
f.)Who is the target population for this study?