Answer Happy

A study was conducted to examine the association between drinking at least 3 cups of coffee each day and pancreatic cancer. At baseline, all individuals in the study are asked whether they have ever drank at least 3 cups of coffee per day on average for at least 1 year in their lives. The individuals are then followed forward in time for incidence of pancreatic cancer. Suppose that the following data was collected from the study, both for the total study population and stratified by smoking status (ever vs. never smoker.) Total Study Population At Least 3 Cups of Coffee Not At Least 3 Cups of Coffee Never Smokers Ever Smokers At Least 3 Cups of Coffee Not At Least 3 Cups of Coffee 450 At Least 3 Cups of Coffee Not At Least 3 Cups of Coffee Pancreatic Cancer 300 700 True Pancreatic Cancer False 50 Pancreatic Cancer 250 250 No Pancreatic Cancer 180 820 No Pancreatic Cancer 80 720 No Pancreatic Cancer 100 Based on this data, there is evidence that the association between having ever drank at least 3 cups of coffee per day on average for at least 1 year at baseline and pancreatic cancer incidence is confounded by smoking status. (Calculate relative risk.) True/False 100