SECTION D: ESSAY TYPE QUESTIONS [50 MARKS] Answer ALL questions Question Question 2 [25 marks] There are many nuances to

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SECTION D: ESSAY TYPE QUESTIONS [50 MARKS] Answer ALL questions
Question Question 2 [25 marks] There are many nuances to
effectively managing people, and different managers have their own
thoughts and approaches for achieving optimum performance.
Different industries require different management styles and
approaches. In fact, different personality types also respond to
different motivators. Some companies issue specific directives for
how they want managers and supervisors to behave, while others
allow leaders to use their best judgment in how they maintain their
staff and achieve their objectives through reinforcement in
organizational behavior. Reinforcement is the process of shaping
behaviour by controlling the consequences of that behaviour.
a. How does positive reinforcement differ from negative
reinforcement (5 marks)
b. Elaborate on how positive reinforcement and negative
reinforcement can be used in the workplace. (12 marks
c. Illustrate how you can evaluate training using Kirkpatrick’s
Four-level Model (8 marks)