Answer Happy

The three extracts which follow are on e-learning. Read them carefully and do the following: a. Write one short synthesis paragraph in which you combine the key ideas the writers convey in the 3 extracts appropriately. b. Write the list of references using the sources provided. Passage 1 Six reasons eLearning is the future of education “E-learning was growing before the current pandemic took everyone by surprise, and the current climate has only thrust it further into the limelight, creating a world where this platform is more than just convenient - it's necessary. The opportunities afforded those who want to further their education keep expanding as necessity creates a space for learning in the mainstream world. More and more adults are now enrolling in e- learning courses, even when given the choice between that and more conventional options. Aside from the pandemic, there are key reasons e-learning has emerged as the future of continuing education: e- More Program Options: The flexibility that allows students to learn from anywhere also allows the creator of and contributors to the e-learning platforms to provide and expand upon a wide array of programs. Brick and mortar learning institutions are limited by space, teacher availability, and other similar restraints. Just as students are no longer hindered by location, neither are teachers. This allows teachers to teach from a variety of locations and in variety of capacities. This expands the options considerably, creating an opportunity to learn almost anything." Source: [Young-Jae Kim, Jun-Hyun Kim and Ming-Han Li (2015)," Web- Enhanced Teaching and Learning Vehicle Preference in Landscape Architecture Construction Studio Courses ", Journal of e-Learning and Higher Education, Vol. 2015 (2015), Article ID 511323, DOI: 10.5171/2015.511323] Passage 2 E-Learning Challenges "E-learning can be defined as learning with the help of electronic technologies. This is a “new normal' thing due to Corona outbreak. Many courses and post- graduation programs were available online before Corona outbreak but now due to lockdown, even all schools adopted this method. Lack of learner motivation and engagement Unfortunately, not every online learner is going to be 100% committed to the e-

Passage 2 E-Learning Challenges “E-learning can be defined as learning with the help of electronic technologies. This is a 'new normal' thing due to Corona outbreak. Many courses and post- graduation programs were available online before Corona outbreak but now due to lockdown, even all schools adopted this method. Lack of learner motivation and engagement Unfortunately, not every online learner is going to be 100% committed to the e- learning experience. They may be distracted, busy, or simply unmotivated. We live in an age where attention is at a premium and learners have access to more information than they can consume. All of these hurdles prevent them from actively engaging with learning programs. To counteract this, you must provide them with an interactive and immersive e- learning course that includes their interests and aligns with their goals. They have to see the value in the e-learning course if you want them to actively participate.” Source: [Isabelle Clover, published the article from which this extract was culled on February 17, 2017, at https://elearningindustry.com/advantages-and- disadvantages-of-elearning] Passage 3 “... we define e-learning as instruction delivered on a digital device that is intended to support learning. In e-learning, the delivery hardware can range from desktop or laptop computers to tablets or smart phones, but the instructional goal is to support individual learning or organizational performance goals. However, the benefits gained from these new technologies depend on the extent to which they are used in ways compatible with human cognitive learning processes and based on research-based principles of instructional design. When technophiles become so excited about cutting-edge technology that they ignore mental limitations, they may not be able to leverage technology in ways that support learning. Instructional methods that support rather than defeat human learning processes are an essential ingredient of all effective e-learning courseware. The most appropriate methods depend on the goals of the training (for example, to inform or to perform); the learner's related skills (for example, whether they are familiar with or new to the skill); and various environmental factors, including technological, cultural, and pragmatic constraints.” Source: [The book is titled E-Learning and the science of instruction: Proven guidelines for consumers and designers of multimedia learning. (This is the Fourth Edition). The book was published in 2016 by Ruth Colvin Clark and Richard E. Mayer. It was published in Hoboken, New Jersey by John Wiley and Sons Inc.]