Answer Happy

Problem 1. a. ABC Airlines Company reported 5 deaths per 10,000,000 passenger miles. If the average speed of the airplane is 200 miles per hour, please calculate the FAR and fatality rate. Assume average miles per trip is 300 miles. Please compare your results with the Table 1-4. Should you be worried to happy to fly with ABC airlines? In Table 1-4, please assume fatality rate of car is similar to air TMEF: Target mitigated event frequency TO: Threshold Quantity Severity Risk Matrix 1. Select the severity from the highest box in either of columns 1, 2 or 3. Read the Category and Safety Severity Level from the same row. 2. Select the likelihood from columns 4 thru 7. 3. Read the Risk Level from the intersection of the severity row and the likelihood column. 1 Human Health Impact Public fatality possible. employee fatalities ikely Employee fatality possible. Major injury likely Lost time injury (LTI) likely Recordable Injury b. A leak of 2,000 kg of octane results in an explosion with a financial loss of $900,000. The last incident of this type occurred 9 years ago. Use the risk matrix to determine the Severity Category, the Safety Severity Level and the Risk Level. (7) 2 Fire, Explosion Direct Cost in $ Greater than $10 MM $1 MM to $10 MM $100K to <$1 MM $25K to $100K 3 Chemical Impact > 20x TO From 9x to 20x TO Table 1-4 Fatality Statistics for Common Nonindustrial Activities 12 FAR (deaths/10 hours) Fatality rate (deaths per person per year) From 3x to 9x TO Activity Voluntary activity Staying at home Traveling by Car Bicycle Air From 1x to <3x TQ Motorcycle Canoeing Rock climbing Smoking (20 cigarettes/day) Severity Category CATASTROPHIC VERY SERIOUS SERIOUS MINOR Safety Severity Level 4 TMEF= 1*10* 3 TMEF= 1x10 2 TMEF= 1x104 1 TMEF= 1x10-³ 4 LIKELY Expected to happen several times over the life of the plant 0 to 9 years Risk Level A Risk Level B Risk Level с Risk Level Risk Level A Expected to happen possibly once over the life of the Likelihood 10 to 99 years 57 96 Risk Level B 240 5 UNLIKELY IMPROBABLE IMPROBABLE Risk Level с 660 1000 4000 Risk Level D Expected to happen possibly once in the division over the life of the plant 2 100 years Risk Level B Risk Level C Risk Level D 17 x 10 Negligible Risk 4 x 105 500 × 10- (8) Risk Level A: Unacceptable risk, additional safeguards must be implemented immediately. Risk Level B: Undesirable risk, additional safeguards must be implemented within 3 months. Risk Level C: Acceptable risk, but only if existing safeguards reduces the risk to As Low as Reasonably Practicable (ALARP) levels. Risk Level D: Acceptable risk, no additional safeguards required. BUT NOT IMPOSSIBLE Not expected to happen anywher in the division over the life of the plant > 1000 years Risk Level с Risk Level D Negligible Risk Negligible Risk "Lost time injury (LTI): The injured worker is unable to perform regular job duties, takes time off for recovery, or is assigned modified work duties while recovering *Recordable injury: Death, days away from work (DAW), restricted work or transfer to another job, medical treatment beyond first aid, or loss of consciousness.
Table 1-16 Threshold quantities (TQ) for a variety of chemicals. Source: AICHE/CCPS 2,000 kg 4,400 lb Acrylamide 200 kg = 440 lb Ammonia, anhydrous Carbon monoxide Ammonium nitrate fertilizer Amyl acetate Amyl nitrate Bromobenzene Calcium oxide Carbon dioxide Carbon, activated Chloroform Copper chloride Kerosene Maleic anhydride n-Decane Nitroethane Nitrogen, compressed Nitrous oxide Nonanes Oxygen, compressed Paraldehyde Phosphoric acid Potassium fluoride Potassium nitrate Sulfur Tetrachloroethylene Undecane 1,000 kg - 2,200 lb. Acetic anhydride Acetone Acetonitrile Aldol Ammonium perchlorate Aniline Arsenic Barium Benzene Benzidine Butyraldehyde Carbon tetrachloride Coper chlorate Copper cyanide Cycloheptane Cycloheptene Cyclohexene Dioxane Epichlorohydrin Ethyl acetate Ethyl benzene Ethylenediamine Formic acid Heptane Hexane Methacrylic acid Methyl acetate n-Heptene Nitrobenzene Nitromethane Octanes Phenol, molten or solid Propylamine Pyridine Silver nitrate Sodium permanganate Tetrahydrofuran Toluene Triethylamine Vinyl acetate Zinc peroxide 500 kg 1,100 lb.. Acetaldehyde Acrylonitrile Calcium cyanide Carbon disulfide Cyclobutane Diethyl ether or Ethyl ether Ethane Ethylamine Ethylene Furan Hydrazine, anhydrous Hydrogen, compressed Lithium Methylamine, anhydrous Potassium Potassium cyanide Propylene oxide Silane Sodium Sodium cyanide Sodium peroxide Trichlorosilane 100 kg 220 lb. Hydrogen bromide, anhydrous Hydrogen chloride, anhydrous Hydrogen fluoride, anhydrous Methyl bromide Methyl mercaptan Sulfur dioxide 25 kg-55 lb Chlorine Cyanogen Germane Hydrogen sulfide Nitric acid, red fuming Sulfuric acid, fuming 5 kg - 11 lb Acrolein Arsine Diborane Dinitrogen tetroxide Methyl isocyanate Nitric oxide, compressed Nitrogen trioxide Phosgene Phosphine Stibine