Answer Happy

UNIT 4 Maintenance of the Body cle weakness. A blood chemistry study yields the following rmation: Na 142 mEq/L, K 1.5 mBo/L; CI 92 mg/L 32 mm Hg. Which electrolytes are within normal ts? Which are so abnormal that the patient has a medical ergency? Which of the following represents the greatest ger to Mrs. Bush? (a) a fall doe to her muscular weakness, edema, (c) cardiac anhythmia and cardiac arrest. ring a routine medical checkup, Shelby, a 26-year-old ysiotherapy student, is surprised to hear that her blood pressure 180/110. She also has a rumbling systolic and diastolic dominal bruit (marmur) that is loudest at the mid-epigastric a. Her physician auspects renal artery stenosis (narrowing). e orders an abdominal ultrasound and recal artery eriography, which confirm that Shelby has a small right dney and the distal part of her right renal artery is narrowed more than 70%. Her physician prescribes diuretics and lcium channel blockers as temporary measures, and refers elby to a cardiovascolar sargeon. Explain the connection tween Shelby's renal artery stenosis and her hypertension. hy is ber right kidney smaller than her left? What would ou expect Shelby's blood levels of K, Na, aldosterone, giotensin II, and renia to be? INICAL CASE STUDY -Year-Old Male with Abdominopelvic Trauma Heydea, 72, brought to the ergency room er an accident at farm. The para dics report that his side was pinned Death his tractor, that when he was ed, his left lower drant appeared to compressed. His blood pressure is 90/50 mm Hg and fall- and his heart rate is 116 beats/min. His pulse is thready. Heyden complains of pain in his left side and then loses asciousness. Given the values above, what would you conclude is Mr. Heyden's immediate problem? 2NCLERATE Mr. Heyden's low blood pressure will trig- ger certain compensatory mechanisms, Which statement below best reflects the changes in hormone levels that will occur? a. Mr. Heyden's ADH, aldosterone, and rein will increase & Mr. Heyden's ADH will decrease, his aldosterone will increase, and his reals will be unchanged. c. Mr. Hoyden's ADH will increase, and his aldosterone and reals will decrease d. Mr. Heyden's ADH and rain will decrease, and his aldosterone will increase A CT scan reveals a ruptored spleen and a large hematoma in the upper left abdominal quadrant. Splenic repair surgery is scheduled but unsuccessful; the spleen is removed. Post- surgery urinalysis reveals some granular casts (particulate cell debris) and that the urine is brownish-red in color, other values are normal, but urine output is very low. An order is given to rapidly infuse intravenous saline solation. 3. (a) What might account for the low volume of urine output? (Name at least two possibilities) (b) What might explain the casts and abnormal color of his urine? Can you see any possible relationship between his crush injury and these findings? The next day, Mr. Heyden is awake and alert. His urine output is still low and his blood work indicates the begin- nings of acute senal failure. 4.NGKATYLE Mr. Heyden's blood K" levels are high Which of the following best explains his high K levels? a. Mr. Heyden's increased secretion of aldosterone will cause his K levels to increase. b. Mr. Heyden's dannaged kidneys can no longer adequately remove K" from his blood. c. Mr. Heyden's increased secretion of ADH will cause his K levels to increase. d. The loss of Mr. Heyden's spleen means that his aged and fragile erythrocytes are not being removed, and so are rupturing in his blood vessels and releasing K. S. Mr. Heyden's blood pH is 7.33, Pco, is 34 mm Hg, and his HOO," is 20 mg/L. Explain these fladings.