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Sample 2 mRNA Shorter in length compared to wildtype, decreased number of transcripts compared to wildtype Slightly shorter in length compared to wildtype, no change in number of transcripts Same length, sequence and number of transcripts compared to wildtype Protein (length number of amino acids; amount is units of protein) Wildtype length and sequence: 90% less units Reduced cell size of protein than in wildtype Altered sequence part way through sequence, and shorter compared to wildtype; same amount of protein units Cellular phenotype Wildtype size, sequence and amount Reduced cell size No change in cell size compared to wildtype
2. 11 points. Below is a simplified gene structure for a gene called CSG. The gene codes for a protein involved in cell size. Loss of this protein completely can result in cells that grow smaller than usual. The locations of 3 different mutations in the CSG gene are shown below. Each mutation was found in a different individual. The bent arrow is the transcription start site, P is the promoter, grey boxes are UTRS, and black boxes are exons. A B Mutation A is an insertion of 10 nucleotides in an intron Mutation B is a deletion of one nucleotide in an exon Mutation C is a 50 bp deletion in the 3' UTR
A. 3 points. Based on the information above and in the table below, determine which mutation is most likely responsible for the phenotypes described for yeast samples 1, 2, and 3. Assume the phenotypes described are from homozygous samples for one of the mutations above. All comparisons are to wildtype Sample 1 has mutation Sample 2 has mutation Sample 3 has mutation