Answer Happy

(a) ( ) is an inherent property of a part, a property built into the part because of the use of a particular material and process. (b)( ) is a state property at a specific point within a body, which is a function of load, geometry, temperature, and manufacturing processing. (c) The ) theory predicts that yielding occurs when the distortion strain energy per unit volume reaches or exceeds the distortion strain energy per unit volume for yield in simple tension or compression of the same material. (d) The ) provides the fatigue strength Sf versus cycle life N of a material. The results are generated from tests using a simple loading of standard laboratory-controlled specimens. The loading often is that of sinusoidally reversing pure bending. (e) Any discontinuity in a machine part alters the stress distribution in the neighborhood of the discontinuity so that the elementary stress equations no longer describe the state of stress in the part at these locations. Such discontinuities are called stress raisers, and the regions in which they occur are called areas of ).