Answer Happy

Cholera is caused by [Select] ,which is the only Vibrio species that can survive in both salt and freshwater. In saltwater it survives by forming non-infective biofilms, but in freshwater the biofilms fall apart, and single Vibrio cells become motile and infective. Some strains of V. cholerae produce a potent a potent plasmid-encoded AB toxin called [Select] , which is composed of one A subunit and five B subunits. One of the [Select] subunits binds to a glycolipid receptor in the cytoplasmic membrane of an intestinal epithelial cell, resulting in cleavage of the [Select] subunit. Part of A, an enzyme called [Select] the cell's cytosol and activates an enzyme [ Select] [Select] ✓, enters which in turn converts ATP into .The cyclic AMP which stimulates the active secretion of [Select] such as sodium, chlorine, potassium, and bicarbonate ions from the cell into the intestinal lumen; water follows the movement of these ions from