Answer Happy

8) An individual with Klinefelter's syndrome and his biological parents are genotyped for a microsatellite near the centromere on the X chromosome. He has "16" and "21" alleles (the number of tandem repeats of the microsatellite). His father has an "18" allele. His mother has "16" and "21" alleles. Based on this information what is the most likely non-disjunction event that lead to his karyotype? A) Paternal, Meiosis I B) Maternal, Meiosis I C) Paternal, Meiosis II D) Maternal, Meiosis II
10) You are studying a species of wild tomato (Solanum peruvianum) related to domesticated tomatoes that normally grow in dry and arid conditions. You collect some seeds from the wild and are able to grow them in the lab. You notice that after several generations their growth rate and size increase under lab conditions. (You are careful to not select for larger-sized plants when breeding them seeds are picked randomly.) You reverse the growing conditions to make them more dry and arid and see that after a delay of a few generations they regain the "stunted" growth pattern. You try adding different compounds to the growth media and find that large amounts of folic acid (vitamin B9) slow the transition between the different growth patterns. What is a likely hypothesis that is causing this effect? A) Past environments are influencing gene expression via epigenetic (DNA methylation) mechanisms. B) Arid conditions and folic acid are causing mutations in genes involved in growth and development. C) They are becoming tetraploid under arid conditions and haploid under regular lab conditions. D) Epistasis is making the effects of growth and development genes.