Answer Happy

(9) Human genome sequencing - methods/technologies, processes, cost factor and major limitations. A) The read length of the conventional Sanger dideoxy sequencing method is much longer than that can be obtained with Illumina reversible terminator sequencing chemistry; B) A human genome can be sequenced with 100% accuracy with current sequencing technologies at very low cost; C) Nanopore DNA sequencing and Pacific Bioscience SMRT technology is capable of reading/sequencing a single DNA molecule directly; D) A human cell can sequence/replicate (read and write) its own genome with almost 100% fidelity due to the error proofreading capability of the DNA polymerase, at a cost of < $1. (just for fun!) Assembly of the sequencing data into the complete and 100% accurate genome sequence is very challenging due to the repetitive sequences present in the genome and the extremely high homology between the chromosome pairs. E) (10) Protein detection and sequencing: A) ELISA is an immunosorbent assay that uses antibodies for detection; B) One major limitation of immunoassays is the non-specific binding (or cross reactivities) of the antibodies; C) The molecular mass of a protein can be determined using protein mass spectrometry; D) The sequence of a protein can be determined using Edman degradation chemical sequencing method; E) Currently, we do not have any method/technology that enables us to sequence proteins.