Chem 1062 Designing a Road Deicer Minnesotans deal with icy and snowy roads every winter. To minimize disruptions to our

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Chem 1062 Designing A Road Deicer Minnesotans Deal With Icy And Snowy Roads Every Winter To Minimize Disruptions To Our 1 (47.22 KiB) Viewed 32 times

Chem 1062 Designing a Road Deicer Minnesotans deal with icy and snowy roads every winter. To minimize disruptions to our daily lives, the DOT spreads deicer on the roadways to eliminate or reduce the amount of ice present. In this project, you work for the State of Minnesota Department of Transportation and are charged with finding the best deicer for our highways (chemically, economically, and environmentally). Your group will investigate four deicers. At the end of the project, you will rank the deicers in order of 1) ability to lower the freezing point of water, 2) cost per unit and 3) environmental factors based on internet research Safety Notes: . Consult the MSDS for every compound you will work with Perform your experiments on the smallest scale possible to limit the waste produced Always label any beaker/container of chemical(s) at your workstation Waste Collection All of the deicers are safe to rinse down the sink with water. Equipment, techniques & concepts you should learn or review: Molality of solutions Solubility • Excel & graphing data • Temperature probe Freezing point depression equation • How to make a Freezing Cooling curve How to interpret a Freezing Cooling curve Deicers: NaCl (s), KCI (s), CaC1: (s), MgCl (s) Available Materials: Ice, water (distilled or tap), excess NaCl(s), thermometer, beakers, stopwatches Planning Questions: 1. Find a formula that relates concentration of a solution to its freezing point depression. Describe each variable in the equation and how you could find the values needed. 2. You will measure the freezing point of your deicer solutions by putting them in a test tube and then placing that test tube in a salt-ice-water bath (something we can get really cold). Calculate the amount of NaCl needed to lower the freezing point by 10.0°C for 300 ml of water. This is the amount you will use in your cold bath. 3. Think about how you are going to prepare your deicer solutions. Let's use 20 ml. of water in each and figure out how much of the deicer to use. A couple of things to think about before you do this. First off, your cold bath is at -10.0°C, so you don't want any of your deicer solutions to have freezing points below this. Secondly, you need to keep something consistent about the solutions so that we are comparing "apples to apples". What should you keep constant (molarity, molality, grams of solute... Deicer NHCC Chem 1062 4. In order to determine the freezing point of each solution you will need to make a cooling freezing curve for this solution. Draw a sketch of a cooling freezing curve and explain how one uses it to determine the freezing point. 5. Describe exactly how you will generate your cooling curve. Draw a picture of your experimental setup. What data is collected and when? 6. How will the work be broken up when you do this experiment? Assign duties to each group member. 7. Assign each person in your group a deicer. That group member will research any environmental issues and the cost per pound of that deicer before the next lab period and then share that information with the group.