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5 Nuclear Reactor 1 Pump #2 8 Flash Evaporator 3 Mixing Chamber Turbine 2 Condenser 7 Pump #1 4 6
Design The design product will be a description of the most efficient thermodynamic cycle required to supply 750 MW of electric power. Maximum efficiency is achieved by determining the best pressure at which to operate flash evaporator (points: 2, 3, 7, 8) within the limits imposed by the specified parameters. The design should provide: 1. 2. temperature, pressure, and entropy at the state points; overall flow rate of water through the nuclear reactor; heat transfer in the nuclear reactor; 3. 4. 5. % of the overall flow rate passing through the steam turbine; power required for condensate pump 1; power required for condensate pump 2; cooling water flow rate. 6. 7.
Water is used as the working fluid of a pressurized-water nuclear power plant (shown in the figure) designed to produce 750 MW of electric power. Saturated liquid exiting the reactor enters a flash evaporator at a selected pressure. The pressure reduction is achieved by a constant enthalpy throttle valve. Thus, a fraction of the water flashes into saturated steam (state 2) and the remainder flows as liquid into the mixing chamber (state 3, p3=p2). The steam enters the turbine, generates shaft work, and exits at state 4. The turbine shaft drives an electric generator (not shown). After state 4, the working fluid enters the condenser, exits the condenser (state 6) as saturated liquid at the temperature specified below, enters the pump, and then the mixing chamber (state 7, p7=p3=P8). The liquid exiting the mixing chamber is pumped to the pressure of the reactor and re-enters the reactor in state 5 (P5=P₁).