makes more sense.
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whit that information use the values to graph the theretical line on F vs a graph
how to calculate the aceration of the car, the photogathe were separete 40 cm from each other
at the end i need to get the acceleraton and the net force
just follow the activity pictures
Force and Acceleration Lab - Instructions Introduction In this lab we will apply a force to a cart and look at the motion that results. Therefore, we are asking how does the motion change when the force changes. More specifically, we know by Newton's 2nd Law that force and acceleration are related. So the motion variable that we will consider in this lab is the acceleration. Procedure Material and Equipment Low-friction Cart with black You will need the block on top following materials to Track complete this activity: Feet to level track if needed. These attach to the underside of the track. 2 Photogates and cords LabQuest datalogger Mass hook and 350 g of slotted masses 16 WOOD 00 Frictionless Pulley and bracket. Pulley in bin is already attached to bracket which attaches to underside of track. String 1. Attach the frictionless pulley to the end of the track. 2. Set the track on a lab bench so that the end with the pulley just hangs over the edge of the table. 3. Tie a loop at one end of the string, and attach the other to the low friction cart. (You will attach the mass hook to the loop.) 4. Place the cart on the track, and run the string over the frictionless pulley. Attach the mass hook to the loop at the end of the string hanging from the pulley. 5. Using a combination of slotted masses from your lab area, place 350 g on top of the cart. These are in addition to the black block.
Lab: Force & Acceleration - Instructions page 2 6. Attach two photogates to the track and adjust the heights so Cart Pulley that the cart will trigger the Mass beam. Check the cart as you move it slowly through the photogate and make sure that the beam is not triggered by 2 Photogates more than one location on the Mass Hanging cart. 7. Check to make sure that it is level. If it is not, you will have to attach feet to the bottom of the track and use them to adjust for level. 8. Adjust the length of the string and spacing of the photogates so that the cart makes it through both photogates BEFORE the hook hits the floor. Collecting the Data: Acceleration: The instant you let the mass go, the cart will move. You will need to measure some motion information each time a different weight force is applied. One of the two variables the lab is focusing on is acceleration, you will use the photogates to take measurements that can be used to find the acceleration. The definition of acceleration involves change of velocity and time interval. You should be able to use time and position data from the photogates to calculate the average acceleration while the cart is in motion between the gates. This is much simpler if you remember to release the cart so that the velocity at t=0 is zero. To do this (we did it in a previous lab), release the cart so that it trips the photogate beam the instant it begins to move. Note that you have only two photogates so you will have only one time interval. You'll have to remember something about the connection between acceleration and average velocity in a constant acceleration system. Force: It is not possible to measure the force on the cart with the equipment that we have. However, we can measure the net force on the entire moving system. From back Force on system by pulley is negligible and may be ignored. Force on system by earth Force on system by track W.. Westem by car < Notice that the force on the system by the earth is larger than the force on the system by the track. In fact, the force on the system by the earth is the sum of the cart's weight and Tev. Su 17 ✓ PHY 114: Lab Force & Accel-Instructions North Seattle Community College: Davene Eyres
system by the track. Therefore, the net force on the system is only the weight of the hanging mass. For example, if the cart has a mass of 1.0 kg, it will weigh 9.8 N. The up force on it by the track will also be 9.8 N. If the hanging mass is 0.200 kg, then its weight will be 1.96 N. The net force on the SYSTEM will be found by: Fem by track Fosen by wack 9.8 N Force on system by earth W of cart + W of hanging mass 9.8N 1.96 N system by earth Westem bar system by earth Fine = net = + Nsystem by track - Ws Fret = + Nsystem by track - (Wcart by earth + Wanging inass by earer) Fnet = + Nsystem by track - Weart by earth - Whanging mass by eart Pne = Whanging mass by earth Fret Fnet = manging Fnet = 1.960 Thus the net force ON THE SYSTEM is the same value as the weight of the hanging mass. You should know what needs to me measured in order to find the weight of the hanging mass. Control of Variables: As described above, the net for on the system can be changed by adding mass to the hanging hook. However, we must not change the system itself. Therefore no mass can be added to the system and yet, it must be added to the hook. To do this, we will store mass on the cart (still inside the system) and take it from there to place on the hook Now to continue with the steps to take measurements: • With only the hook hanging from the string and 350 g of slotted mass on the cart, release the cart from the first photogate. Record the blocked times and the positions. Also record the mass of everything hanging from the string (only the hook so far). 6 Tev. Sul PHY 114: Lab Force & Accel-Instructions North Scattle Community College: Davene Eyres
Lab: Force & Acceleration - Instructions page 4 Repeat several times so that you have enough data to average. Move 50 g from the cart to the hook and repeat the motion and record data. Complete several runs. Move another 50 g to the hook from the cart and repeat as above until you have 350 g on the hook. Be sure to include the mass of the hook when you record the hanging mass. Measure the mass of the total system by taking the block off the cart and measure the mass of it and the mass of the cart. The cart with the block is too heavy for our balances. Uncertainty: • Mass: When using the analog balance, make a judgement about the uncertainty using the singe reading analog rule. If the digital balance then use the single reading digital Position: Use single reading analog. Time: Use multiple reading. You will need to make sure that for one of your hanging mass settings that you take at least 10 runs so that you have 10 timings of the same event. Now remember that you should not take down equipment until you are certain that you have enough data and that your data is reasonable. You should graph to see whether you have a smooth trend. In this case, you may not have time to do all the calculations necessary to do a Force vs Acceleration graph. Instead you can do a hanging mass vs time interval graph. It will NOT have the same shape as the F vs. a graph you will do for your report. However, if your mass vs time graph has a recognizable trend, so will your F vs a graph. < 4
Net Force on System (T(N) Acceleration of the System ( m/s?) Use the Newton's 2nd Law equation and your system mass to calculate some theoretical values for the theoretical graph line. For one theoretical value, show a sample calculation. Sample calculation: Place your theoretical values in the table and complete the headers with the missing information. Use these values to graph the theoretical line on your F vs a graph. Reference from the text: Look up in your text a sentence that talks about the relationship between force and acceleration for some system or object. Give the quote. In parentheses after the quote: authors, year, page number, as in (Knight, Jones, & Field, 20xx, p. #).
What steps did you use to get from the time/distance on two photogates to calculating the acceleration of the cart? for ma A mo a naur Mavesok the alderation Efx:+T {fy : tn-WA = 0 nowo for mass o Efx twg-T =mo a = mBg- mog-MA ang a mag. (mat mg) a T= mga E fx=0 : oa Phys. 114 Lab-Force and Acceleration - Report mamog Page 3 of 6 North Seattle College. Davene Eyres: rev. Fail17 All knowns. slope Lab: Force & Acceleration Report Data: Uncertainties: Position: Show the details for your position uncertainty. Be sure that you have this same uncertainty in your formal data table. 여 • predo mass 100.com 0.5 +/- com cm 100cm 100.Som locom cm cm cm Time: Calculate your time uncertainty and include all details related to the calculations. Show the list of at least 10 times, calculations, and result for your uncertainty for the time Đ menen
Lab: Force & Acceleration Report Sample Calculations: Give one sample calculation for each type of derived data using the same set of values from your formal data table. In each case, write the general equation to be used, show values and units plugged in, and give the solution with units. Acceleration: Equation: Net force on system: Values and units plugged into the equation: The result with units: Formal Data Tables: Attach a formal data table to this report. Follow the guidelines in the Lab Instructions document for this lab. You should have columns for the measured data as well as columns for the derived data, force and acceleration. Check your headings to make sure you have included units. Uncertainty should be included for columns of measured data. Be sure to include your system mass and your displacement. These are not repeated measurements so do not need to be in the table, but you do need to include them in the data section as single items. Be sure that you formal table includes columns for all variables (measured and derived). Look on the planning diagram. The table should have columns representing the top two boxes as well as everything in the bottom boxes, at least. Other columns are optional. Analysis - Graphs Plot an F vs a graph of your formal data. Be sure that your graph shows the best-fit line and follows all formatting guidelines. Note that the graph should also have a theoretical line plotted from information in your theory. Attach your graph to this report. From your graph, write the equation of the best-fit line. Show all your slope calculations. Don't forget to include your slope units. 5
Lab: Force & Acceleration Report Analysis - Discussion and Questions Give all answers in complete sentences. 1. What does the shape of the graph tell you about how force and acceleration are related? Do not use numbers here - just explain using qualitative words like "more". "less", "up", or "down". 2. What is the physical quantity name represented by the slope of the line? Hint: Check the units. 3. What is the value of the slope for your theoretical line? Hint: it must match the value used to calculate your theoretical data on page 3. 4. Calculate the percent difference between your slope and the theoretical slope. Show your calculation Your slope - Expected slopel % difference = 100 = % Expected slope 5. What is the physical meaning of the value of the "y-intercept"? Compare it to the expected value. 6 6
scar: 1017.79 =10177kg Istring = 51.054g-0.5104g Weight 50g - 50.089 100g = 100.3039 2009 200.050g 2.00 Cart(g) Kglmass) S(Time) 209+100+50g 50g = String = 1.375835 200 + 100g 100g = String + 50g 0.955585 200+ so 150g String + 50g+50g - 0.801403 2009 Stringt loog +50g -0.676335 250g string + 100g+100g = 0.63788 100 30og String + 200g+ 50g = 0.57 2455 350g String + 200gt 100g = 0.517045 400g String + 200g + 100gt sog= 0.497165 100+ so So 0