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Problem 1: Maleic anhydride is among the several products that have a good market and several applications. It can be produced from the oxidation of benzene (A) in the presence of a proper catalyst. Reactions that take place in the reactor are exothermic reactions and therefore ratio of air to benzene that enter the reactor is very high. The following reactions take place. C6H6 +?? 02 C4H2O3 + 2002 + 2H20 (Reaction 1) C6H6 +?? 02 C6H402 + 1H20 (Reaction 2) Typically, benzene is vaporized in benzene vaporizer (H1) and mixed with a compressed air and then heated in a fire heater (H2) before being sent to the reactor (R1). The mixing molar ratio of benzene to air is 1:66. The reactor output contains small amounts of unreacted benzene (A), produced maleic anhydride (C), quinone (D) and the combustion products. Quinone is the non-desired product of the process and combustion products are the water (E) and carbon dioxide (F). Effluent from the reactor at 610°C is cooled in a heat exchanger (H3) to 270°C and then sent to a separator that has both boiler and condenser connected with. Vapor that leave the separator is totally recycled back to the separator while the liquid portion from the bottom is sent for storage. More information about molar flowrate in the most important process streams can be found in the given table process flow diagram. Solve for the following: a) Balance out the given chemical reactions and determine the molar amount of O2 required in each chemical reaction (indicated as ??) b) Complete the unknown (X1-X7) in given stream table Stream No. 12 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Temperature 30 30 170 30 170 X7 460 610 270 Pressure 101 X6 280 280 280 280 235 220 215 Total kmol /hr 42.3 2790 2790 42.3 42.3 2832.3 2832.3 2824.1 X5 Flowrates in kmol/hr Benzene A 42.3 0 0 42.342.3 42.3 X3 2.6 2.6 Oxygen B 0 X1 585 0 0 X2 585 370 370 Nitrogen N 0 2205 2205 0 0 2205 2205 2205 2205 Maleic anhydride С 0 0 0 0 0 0 26.3 26.3 Quinone D 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.7 0.7 Water E 0 0 0 0 0 0 91.2 91.2 Carbon dioxide F 0 0 0 0 0 0 X4 128.3
c) Based on given and completed summary table, determine 1. Extent of reactions (Si) 2. Conversion of benzene to quinone 3. Yield of maleic anhydride production 4. Selectivity toward the production of maleic anhydride 5. Percentage excess of air fed to the reactor [Note: a formula sheet is given to support your calculations] 1 6. Molar composition of the reactor output stream in dry basis 7. Standard specific heat of reactions (AĤri) [Note: you need to determine AĤ; for both reactions using given (AĤi) data]