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1. Explain the fundamental parameters of thermodynamics and thermodynamics and their relationship with thermodynamic process parameters. 2. Explain the need for different types of temperature scale 3. Analyse the effects of thermodynamic process parameters on thermodynamic systems, while explaining the need for and correctly converting between different temperature scales. 4. Evaluates the polytropic processes, explaining the relationships between parameters and what the results from relevant and accurate calculations. 5. Complete the following calculations, using the data provided for different gases, for different polytropic processes: a. A piston cylinder device contains an ideal gas at initial volume, pressure and temperature are Vi, P, and T, respectively is compressed according to a law PV"-C until the pressure is P2 bar. Calculate the mass of gas and the volume and temperature of the gas after compression using the data given in Table 1. Table 1. Data for 5.a SI. ID No Gas V1(m3) P1( bar) T1 (°C) P2 (bar) No 1 2 3 4 Propylene 0.4 0.65 38 10 1.4 5 6 7 8 b. Air at temperature T, and pressure P, is expanded reversibly according to a law PV" = constant until it has a temperature of T2 and Pressure P2. It is then cooled reversibly at
constant volume until the temperature is T3 and Volume V, and is then allowed to compress reversibly according to a law PVN = constant back to the initial conditions. Calculate accurately the mass of air, volume at the end of compression, pressure after constant volume and polytrophic index at expansion and compression process using the data given in Table 2. Take R value for air as 0.287 KI/kg K SI. ID NO No T1 (°F) Table 2- Data for 5.b P1 T2 P2 (KN/m) (°C) (KN/m) T3 (K) V3 (m) 1 95 720 27 340 278 0.5 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 C. An air receiver of volume V contains air at P, and temperature T. A valve is opened and some air is allowed to opened and some air is allowed to blow out to atmosphere. The pressure of the air in the receiver drops rapidly to P2 when the valve is then closed. Calculate the mass of air when the valve is then closed using the data given in Table 3. Table 3- Data for 5.0 P10 bar) T1 (°C) ID NO V1 (m) P2(bar) SI. No 1 2 3 4 5 20 48 16 6