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EXERCISE 1 (To be submitted within the Laboratory period) Consider the modelling of the Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) for a satellite (sat) communication system linked to an earth station (et) with the following parameters: 1. Radius of Earth (R) in km = 6400 km 2. Radius of satellite above earth's atmosphere (r) in km= Input variable 3. Central angle (B) in degree = Output 4. Longitude of satellite in degrees (longsar) = 68.5°E 5. Longitude of Earth Station in degrees (longet) = Input variable 6. Frequency of transmission in GHz (Fans) = Input variable 7. Gain of transmitting antenna in dB (G) = 15 dB 8. Gain of receiving antenna in dB (G) = 15 dB 9. Stefan-Boltzmann constant (K) = 1.38 x 10-23 //K 10. Noise temperature of receiving system in Kelvin (T) = 190 Kelvin 11. Bandwidth of the receiver system in Hz (B)= 75 X 10 Hz 12. Received Signal Power in dB (P) = Output 13. Transmitted Signal Power in dBm (P.) = Input variable 14. Path Loss in dB (L) = Output 15. Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) = Output *dB is the decibel unit In order to calculate the SNR during signal transmission from space to earth, a parameter which gives a statistic of the amount of signal present during transmission, we employ: SNR = P.-P [dB] Where P, is the received power level in dBm and P, is the noise power in dB. Mathematically P = P, +G, +G -L [dBm (2) And, P = 10L09 (KTB) [dB] (3) The path loss, L, is the amount of transmitted signal lost due to the effects of travelling through space and earth's atmosphere. The path loss in dB is given as: (1) ) L = 92.44 +20Log.. (Detal) +20L09.(FGnx) [dB] Deotaris referred to as the slant range, a parameter representing the actual distance between the earth station and the satellite given by: Detal R? + 2 - 2rR.cosB [km] (5) Where, B = Cos-'Sin(longsa) Sin (longet) + Cos(longsat) Cos(longet)Cos(w) (degrees 2

For w = longsat + longet if longsat and long et belong to the same longitude ie, both "E or both ºw, use the negative sign If longsat and longer belong to the different longitude ie. "E and W or vice versa, use the positive sign Your Tasks in this Laboratory Using windows forms and writing in C++, design an application that can be used to estimate the SNR of a typical earth-satellite communication system using the given parameters as provided. For this purpose, please note that the summary and interpretation of the required parameters are given to help your understanding. For the proposed application, please note that items 2, 5, 6 and 13 are to be your input variables, while items 3, 12, 14 and 15 are the output variables. It will an added advantage to you if your designed GUI shows at attempt of creativity, innovation and elegance. A REPORT must be written and submitted with respect to the GUI application being built in this laboratory, A. Thereafter, using your completed GUI, provide answers for the following parameters in this use-case scenarios. Note that longsat is no longer a constant as previously designated: 1. For Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite in positional orbit at long sat = 15°W: r = 1500 km, longet = 10°W.FGH* = 6 GHz, P = 120 dBm [5 Points) 2. For Medium Earth Orbit (MEO) satellite in positional orbit at longsat = 30°E: r = 10500 km, longet = 40°E, Fca2 = 12 GHz, P. = 75 dBm [5 Points) 3. For Geostationary Earth Orbit (GEO) satellite in positional orbit at longsat = 69°E: r = 36000 lm, longe = 59°W.Fone = 40 GHz, P, = 65 dBm 15 Points) B. What are your observations when P = 0 dBm in all cases of LEO, MEO and GEO as given above? Explain your results. [5 Points)