Answer Happy

Lab 8: Climate Geographic Controls of Climate Climate characteristics such as annual and seasonal rainfall and temperature are a result of latitudinal and topographic variations on the Earth's surface. We have studied some of these processes individually, but now we will consider them (and some other processes) as a whole. We will need to think geographically to understand how these processes (sometimes known as "controls") work together to create our various climates. These processes include: 1) Types of rays - latitudinal variation in insolation (controls temperatures) 2) Length of day- same as above 3) Continental vs. coastal location - control seasonal temperature extremes 4) Global pressure systems - controls precipitation (low pressure vs, high pressure) 5) Global winds - Influences weather patterns 6) Ocean currents controls humidity (warm vs. cold currents) 7) Adiabatic heating and cooling - controls precipitation (windward vs. leuward), To simplify this lab, we will not consider all of the Koppen climate classes - we will only examine two, to give you an idea of how these controls work." For Questions 1 and 2 refer to pages 14-15, 16-17, 53, 121, 133, 168-169 and 190 of the Nystrom Desk Atlas to help you complete the map.

1. On the world map on the following slide, label the locations of the following deserts, using red letters. The Taidamakan has already been labeled on the map as an example. Desert Location Letter Desert Location Letter Sahara Africa A Mojave North America H Kalahari Africa B Great Sandy Desert Australia 1 Namib Africa C Great Victoria Desert Australia K Atacama South America D Taidama China L Patagonia South America E Gobl China M Great Basin North America F Great Indian Desert / Thar India N Sonoran North America G Kara Kum Desert Turkmenistan 0 2. On the world map on the following slide, mark the locations of the following mountain ranges, using green numbers. The Sierra Nevada has already been labeled on the map as an example, Mountain Location Number Mountain Location Number Andes South America Drakensberg Mountains Africa Sierra Nevada North America 42 Great Dividing Range Australia 6 Cascades North America 3 Himalayas Asia 2 Atlas Mountains Africa 4 Tien Shan Asia 8

urces LEGEND Deserts and Mountains Mountain og so Purple arrows are pointing at mountains. /Orange arrows are pointing at deserts.

A. Arid Climates (B Climates) 3. Compare the map on the previous slide with your map(s) of global wind and pressure systems from Lab 7. List two deserts that are leeward relative to the trade winds. 4. Compare the map on the previous slide with your map(s) of global wind and pressure systems from Lab 7. List three deserts that are leeward relative to the Westerlies. 5. Compare the map on the previous slide with your map(s) of global wind and pressure systems from Lab 7. List four deserts that are under the influence of the Sub-Tropical High.

Arid Climates (B Climates) 6. The Atacama, Namib, Patagonia, and Great Basin are some examples of deserts that are located along or relatively near a coast. Compare your desert and mountains map with the ocean current map, provided in Canvas, to describe the temperature of the ocean currents along these coastal deserts. 7. Based on your answers to questions through 6, what are the three main geographic factors that create arid (dry) climates?

B. Mediterranean Climates (Csa/Csb Climates) 8. Use any blue symbol to add each of the following 5 cities to your "C" Climate Map, on the next page. The latitude and longitude are provided to help you map the locations. You may also use the atlas to help locate these cities. City State / Country Latitude Longitude Los Angeles California 34' N 118 W Cape Town South Africa 34's 18+ E Lisbon Portugal 39°N 9'w Perth Australia 31'S 116' E Santiago Chile 34's 71" 9. What is the latitudinal range of Mediterranean climates? 10. What is the temperature of ocean currents found along the coasts of Mediterranean climates?

"C" Climate Map

s C. Humid Subtropical Climates (Cfa Climates) 11. Use any green symbol to add each of the following 4 cities to your "C" Climate Map. The latitude and longitude are provided to help you map the locations. You may also use the atlas to help locate these cities, City State/ Country Latitude Longitude Durban South Africa 30's 31 E Montevideo Uruguay 35's 56'W Savannah Georgia, USA 32'N 81 w Shanghai China 32'N 121" E 12. Compare the geographic locations of Cfa climates to Csa/Csb climates. a. How are they similar? b. How are they different? 13. Cha climates have consistent precipitation year-round while Csa/Csb climates have a summer drought. What is it about their geographic location that causes the difference in rainfall?