Answer Happy

The probability that 1 percent of the items produced by a certain process are defective is 0.80, the probability that 5 percent of the items are defective is 0.10, and the probability that 10 per- cent of the items are defective is 0.10. An item is randomly chosen, and it is defective. Now what is the probability that 1 percent of the items are defective? That 5 percent are defective? That 10 percent are defective? Suppose that a second item is randomly chosen from the output of the process, and it too is defective. Following this second observation, what are the probabil- ities that 1, 5, and 10 percent, respectively, of the items produced by the process are defective?