Answer Happy

(ED) by his mother. She immediately tells you he has a history of ED visits for his asthma. He uses an inhaler when he wheezes, but it ran out a month ago. She is a single parent and has two other children at home with a babysitter. Your assessment finds L.S. alert, oriented, and extremely anxious. His color is pale, and his nail beds are dusky and cool to the touch; other findings are heart rate 136 beats/min, respiratory rate 36 breaths/min regular and even, oral temperature 37.3* C (99.1° F), SaO2 89%, breath sounds decreased in lower lobes bilaterally and congested with inspiratory and expiratory wheezes, prolonged expirations, and a productive cough.
SITUATION: You admit LM, a 2-month-old girl with a history of hydrocephalus and ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt placement 1 month earlier. Her parents report that she has been more irritable than usual and, for the past 3 days, has fed poorly and had emesis five or six times every day. QUESTIONS: 1. Explain the pathophysiology of hydrocephalus and cerebral spinal field (C5F) imbalance 2. Explain how the placement of a VP shunt helps the patient 3. The doctors order a CT scan and lumbar puncture with a cell count, culture, Gram stain, glucose, and protein run on the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). What is the rationale for each procedure? 4. Give nursing responsibilities after the operation and rationalize