This is the original lab (Below), for my lab class they are asking me to make a new experiment following this lab below,
Posted: Mon May 09, 2022 2:05 pm
This is the original lab (Below), for my lab class they
are asking me to make a new experiment following this lab
below, its going to be the same one but changing stuff. Let me
know what you changed.
INSTRUCTIONS FOR THIS LAB REPORT ARE AT THE
END. Thank you very much.
Its due for today
Information to do the lab report
Abstract:
The variation of pka of the lemon juice was studied in relation
to the ripening time of the fruit. The process was evaluated by
strong weak-acid and strong-base titration of a solution of lemon
juice with 0.1 M NaOH. The titration was followed by two methods:
potentiometric and volumetric available in the laboratories of the
High School 1 of the UAEH. The global values of pka in each
experiment were determined from the plots pH against volume added
of NaOH obtained in each experiment. The results showed that the
ripening of the fruit produce a decrease in the concentration of H+
ions and therefore the global value of pka is higher.
Summary:
The study of the variation of pka of lemon juice with respect to
the ripening time of the fruit was carried out. The process was
evaluated by weak acid-strong base titration of a lemon juice
solution with 0.1 M NaOH. The titration was followed by two
methods: potentiometric and volumetric available in the
laboratories of High School 1 of the UAEH. The global
values of pka in each experiment were determined from the
graphs pH vs volume added of NaOH obtained in each experiment. The
results show that the ripening of the fruit causes the
concentration of H + ions to decrease and therefore the global
value of pka to be higher.
Introduction:
Citric acid is a weak acid found in the lemon juice, and its
acidity can be determined by a weak acid-strong base titration with
a solution of NaOH.1 At the equivalence point of a titration
acid-base all hydronium ions (H+) of the acid They react with the
hydroxide ions (OH–) of the base. East is the neutralization point
of the acid and the acid-base balance.
Likewise, from the inflection point of the graph pH vs. volume
added NaOH it is possible to determine the value
of the acid-base equilibrium constant (pka). 2 exist different
methods to determine pka values: potentiometric, volumetric,
UV-spectroscopy Visible, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, etc. 3-5 In
the present research work, the study of the variation of the acid
equilibrium constant basis of lemon juice regarding the ripening
time of the fruit. The determination of pKa was carried out by
titration of lemon juice with 0.1 M NaOH, using the volumetric
method and the potentiometric method. For perform the study by the
potentiometric method was used the MOBILE CASSY 2 team. At the
equivalence point The following acid-base equilibrium takes place
between the
species citric acid and sodium citrate (Scheme 1).
Materials and Methods:
Acid-base titrations of lemon juice with NaOH 0.1 M were
performed for three weeks. The material vegetable that was used is
the Persian lemon (citrus x latifolia), the which were collected in
Pachuca Hidalgo from the same tree every week. Acid-base titration
of lemon juice with NaOH is performed by the volumetric and
potentiometric method using the methodology reported in the
literature to determine the titratable acidity in fruits. 1 this
methodology was done as follows: 20 mL of previously filtered lemon
juice are measured and it is made up to 100 mL with distilled
water, after this solution a 20 mL aliquot is measured and Add a
few drops of phenolphthalein as an indicator. Subsequently, the
titration of the solution is carried out. lemon juice with 0.1 M
NaOH and during the titration measures the pH value with an Ag/AgCl
electrode (Figure one). Likewise, to carry out the degree through
the potentiometric method was used the MOBILE- CASSY 2.
Discussion and results:
Table 1 shows the data obtained from titration of lemon juice
with 0.1 M NaOH. The pH in The equivalence point was determined by
turning color of the lemon juice solution and by the point of
inflection in the graph of pH vs volume of NaOH. The Figure 2 shows
how, as the fruit matures, the pH at the equivalence point
increases. This is due to that the maturation of the fruit causes a
decrease in the concentration of H+ ions. Also, from the point of
inflection of the graph of pH vs. added volume of NaOH it is
possible to determine the value of the constant of acid-base
balance (pka). The pka value increases with the ripening time of
the fruit because it decreases the concentration of H+ ions.
Table 1. Data obtained from the titration of lemon juice with
NaOH 0.1 M with respect to the maturation time of the fruit.
Week
pH at the equivalence point
volume in mL of 0.1M NaOH added
pKaValue
1
8.91
41
8.91
3
8.95
42
8.95
4
9.22
50
9.22
Likewise, figure 2 shows the graphs of pH vs. added volume of
0.1 M NaOH. As can be observe, as the time of maturation, the
expenditure of sodium hydroxide also increases. Which implies that
this could be a method effective in determining the ripening time
of lemons.
Figure 2. Graph of pH vs. added volume of NaOH 0.1 M from the lemon
juice titration. Week 1, in color blue, week 3 in red and week 4 in
black.
Conclusion:
By carrying out this research work, managed to establish that
the maturation of the fruit produces amount of H+ ions in lemon
juice there is one minor and the pka value increases. The
MOBILE-CASSY 2 team It is an important tool for making acid-base
titrations using the method potentiometric, because they are
obtained in a direct graphs of pH vs volume of NaOH added.
Additionally, the acid-base titration of the lemon juice is an
effective method to determine the ripening time of lemons
INFORM INSTRUCTIONS BELOW
Abstract- In this part a short and concise
summary is written that provides a complete summary of what is
proposed to be done and the results to be obtained.
Introduction- Present background information
such as theoretical concepts, reactions and relevant formulas in a
logical order. For this, it will be necessary for you to read
articles on the subject so that it indicates what is known so far
on that specific topic and allows you to think about what remains
to be experienced. Indicate the purpose and objectives to be
evaluated. These objectives will indicate what is going to be
measured and how it will be done. Present the problem (question to
be answered) and the hypothesis in a specific and appropriate
way.
Avoid copying and pasting texts directly from where you read
them, use your own words. References will be indicated with a
superscript number (number that appears at the top right next to
the text in question).
Methodology
a. Indicate the necessary materials and equipment
b. Write the steps to carry out the experiments to be performed
in a logical order.
Use the paragraph format using the verbs in the future tense and
in the third person
c. Make a work plan that includes the time needed to carry out
the
research
Expected results - Include figures, tables
and graphs that can be generated if carried out.
a. Figures and data
b. Graphics
Each table must be numbered in sequence, with an appropriate title
and the data with their uncertainties, units and significant
figures. Avoid cutting the content of the tables, if it does not
fit completely on the page, move it completely to the next page
even if there is space left over. Each graph has axes labeled with
their respective units, scale and appropriate title.
Calculations - You must include an example
of the calculations that would need to be made according to what
you want to measure. Each calculation must be labeled and expressed
with its units to the correct significant figures. Do not make
sentences or paragraphs in this part. To write the equations you
can go to the “Equation” function that appears in WORD.
Discussion of results- You have to discuss the
possible results in a paragraph with a logical order of reasoning.
It is not a repetition of the procedure. It must abound in its
explanations relevant to the results to be obtained.
Conclusion- Make a short summary of the most
important possible findings that will result from this
investigation. It is NOT a summary of the procedure or a
discussion.
11 10 9 8 7 рн 6 5 4 3 N 1 6 11 16 21 26 31 36 41 46 51 56 61 Volumen de NaOH 0.1 M
are asking me to make a new experiment following this lab
below, its going to be the same one but changing stuff. Let me
know what you changed.
INSTRUCTIONS FOR THIS LAB REPORT ARE AT THE
END. Thank you very much.
Its due for today
Information to do the lab report
Abstract:
The variation of pka of the lemon juice was studied in relation
to the ripening time of the fruit. The process was evaluated by
strong weak-acid and strong-base titration of a solution of lemon
juice with 0.1 M NaOH. The titration was followed by two methods:
potentiometric and volumetric available in the laboratories of the
High School 1 of the UAEH. The global values of pka in each
experiment were determined from the plots pH against volume added
of NaOH obtained in each experiment. The results showed that the
ripening of the fruit produce a decrease in the concentration of H+
ions and therefore the global value of pka is higher.
Summary:
The study of the variation of pka of lemon juice with respect to
the ripening time of the fruit was carried out. The process was
evaluated by weak acid-strong base titration of a lemon juice
solution with 0.1 M NaOH. The titration was followed by two
methods: potentiometric and volumetric available in the
laboratories of High School 1 of the UAEH. The global
values of pka in each experiment were determined from the
graphs pH vs volume added of NaOH obtained in each experiment. The
results show that the ripening of the fruit causes the
concentration of H + ions to decrease and therefore the global
value of pka to be higher.
Introduction:
Citric acid is a weak acid found in the lemon juice, and its
acidity can be determined by a weak acid-strong base titration with
a solution of NaOH.1 At the equivalence point of a titration
acid-base all hydronium ions (H+) of the acid They react with the
hydroxide ions (OH–) of the base. East is the neutralization point
of the acid and the acid-base balance.
Likewise, from the inflection point of the graph pH vs. volume
added NaOH it is possible to determine the value
of the acid-base equilibrium constant (pka). 2 exist different
methods to determine pka values: potentiometric, volumetric,
UV-spectroscopy Visible, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, etc. 3-5 In
the present research work, the study of the variation of the acid
equilibrium constant basis of lemon juice regarding the ripening
time of the fruit. The determination of pKa was carried out by
titration of lemon juice with 0.1 M NaOH, using the volumetric
method and the potentiometric method. For perform the study by the
potentiometric method was used the MOBILE CASSY 2 team. At the
equivalence point The following acid-base equilibrium takes place
between the
species citric acid and sodium citrate (Scheme 1).
Materials and Methods:
Acid-base titrations of lemon juice with NaOH 0.1 M were
performed for three weeks. The material vegetable that was used is
the Persian lemon (citrus x latifolia), the which were collected in
Pachuca Hidalgo from the same tree every week. Acid-base titration
of lemon juice with NaOH is performed by the volumetric and
potentiometric method using the methodology reported in the
literature to determine the titratable acidity in fruits. 1 this
methodology was done as follows: 20 mL of previously filtered lemon
juice are measured and it is made up to 100 mL with distilled
water, after this solution a 20 mL aliquot is measured and Add a
few drops of phenolphthalein as an indicator. Subsequently, the
titration of the solution is carried out. lemon juice with 0.1 M
NaOH and during the titration measures the pH value with an Ag/AgCl
electrode (Figure one). Likewise, to carry out the degree through
the potentiometric method was used the MOBILE- CASSY 2.
- This Is The Original Lab Below For My Lab Class They Are Asking Me To Make A New Experiment Following This Lab Below 1 (682.45 KiB) Viewed 24 times
Table 1 shows the data obtained from titration of lemon juice
with 0.1 M NaOH. The pH in The equivalence point was determined by
turning color of the lemon juice solution and by the point of
inflection in the graph of pH vs volume of NaOH. The Figure 2 shows
how, as the fruit matures, the pH at the equivalence point
increases. This is due to that the maturation of the fruit causes a
decrease in the concentration of H+ ions. Also, from the point of
inflection of the graph of pH vs. added volume of NaOH it is
possible to determine the value of the constant of acid-base
balance (pka). The pka value increases with the ripening time of
the fruit because it decreases the concentration of H+ ions.
Table 1. Data obtained from the titration of lemon juice with
NaOH 0.1 M with respect to the maturation time of the fruit.
Week
pH at the equivalence point
volume in mL of 0.1M NaOH added
pKaValue
1
8.91
41
8.91
3
8.95
42
8.95
4
9.22
50
9.22
Likewise, figure 2 shows the graphs of pH vs. added volume of
0.1 M NaOH. As can be observe, as the time of maturation, the
expenditure of sodium hydroxide also increases. Which implies that
this could be a method effective in determining the ripening time
of lemons.
Figure 2. Graph of pH vs. added volume of NaOH 0.1 M from the lemon
juice titration. Week 1, in color blue, week 3 in red and week 4 in
black.
- This Is The Original Lab Below For My Lab Class They Are Asking Me To Make A New Experiment Following This Lab Below 2 (101.3 KiB) Viewed 24 times
By carrying out this research work, managed to establish that
the maturation of the fruit produces amount of H+ ions in lemon
juice there is one minor and the pka value increases. The
MOBILE-CASSY 2 team It is an important tool for making acid-base
titrations using the method potentiometric, because they are
obtained in a direct graphs of pH vs volume of NaOH added.
Additionally, the acid-base titration of the lemon juice is an
effective method to determine the ripening time of lemons
INFORM INSTRUCTIONS BELOW
Abstract- In this part a short and concise
summary is written that provides a complete summary of what is
proposed to be done and the results to be obtained.
Introduction- Present background information
such as theoretical concepts, reactions and relevant formulas in a
logical order. For this, it will be necessary for you to read
articles on the subject so that it indicates what is known so far
on that specific topic and allows you to think about what remains
to be experienced. Indicate the purpose and objectives to be
evaluated. These objectives will indicate what is going to be
measured and how it will be done. Present the problem (question to
be answered) and the hypothesis in a specific and appropriate
way.
Avoid copying and pasting texts directly from where you read
them, use your own words. References will be indicated with a
superscript number (number that appears at the top right next to
the text in question).
Methodology
a. Indicate the necessary materials and equipment
b. Write the steps to carry out the experiments to be performed
in a logical order.
Use the paragraph format using the verbs in the future tense and
in the third person
c. Make a work plan that includes the time needed to carry out
the
research
Expected results - Include figures, tables
and graphs that can be generated if carried out.
a. Figures and data
b. Graphics
Each table must be numbered in sequence, with an appropriate title
and the data with their uncertainties, units and significant
figures. Avoid cutting the content of the tables, if it does not
fit completely on the page, move it completely to the next page
even if there is space left over. Each graph has axes labeled with
their respective units, scale and appropriate title.
Calculations - You must include an example
of the calculations that would need to be made according to what
you want to measure. Each calculation must be labeled and expressed
with its units to the correct significant figures. Do not make
sentences or paragraphs in this part. To write the equations you
can go to the “Equation” function that appears in WORD.
Discussion of results- You have to discuss the
possible results in a paragraph with a logical order of reasoning.
It is not a repetition of the procedure. It must abound in its
explanations relevant to the results to be obtained.
Conclusion- Make a short summary of the most
important possible findings that will result from this
investigation. It is NOT a summary of the procedure or a
discussion.
11 10 9 8 7 рн 6 5 4 3 N 1 6 11 16 21 26 31 36 41 46 51 56 61 Volumen de NaOH 0.1 M