Topics: Note: You will need the SPSS data file “SPSS_Data_File_F21” located under Content in the “Lab Data Files” folder

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Topics:
Note: You will need the SPSS data file
“SPSS_Data_File_F21” located under Content in the
“Lab Data Files” folder
Frequency Distribution
A frequency distribution is a set of scores that is
organized. A frequency distribution can be organized in
a table or a graph. A frequency distribution table
includes the values of the variable (X) and the how many scores
there are at each value (frequency). Typically, a frequency
distribution table is created and then a graph is created from the
table.
Levels of Measurement and Appropriate Stats
Table 1. Stats and graphs for
each level of measurement
Level of Measurement
Appropriate Statistics
Graph to use
Nominal
Frequencies
Mode
Bar graph
Pie chart
Percentiles
Ordinal
Frequencies
Mode
Median
Bar graph
Pie chart
Percentiles
Box Plot
Interval
Frequencies
Mode
Median
Mean
Standard deviation
Pie Chart
Box Plots
Percentiles
Histogram
Ratio
Frequencies
Mode
Median
Mean
Standard deviation
Pie Chart
Box Plots
Percentiles
Histogram
In the video I use SPSS to develop a frequency distribution
table and graph. The following steps are used.
Grouped Frequency Tables
When there are too many values for X, we want to form groups or
intervals. These intervals then become our “X”
value. I complete the following grouped frequency table
and graph in the video of Lab 2.
1. The following scores are the ages for a random sample of n =
32 drivers who were issued parking tickets in Los Angeles in 2018.
Create a frequency distribution table and graph with this data set.
What can you say about the shape of the distribution of ages?
57 30 45 59 39 53 28 19
34 21 34 38 52 29 64 39
22 44 46 26 56 20 33 58
32 25 48 22 51 26 63 51
a. find the range:
Highest score: 64
Lowest score: 19
Range: 64 – 19 = 45 (if this range is
more than about 13, it’s probably better to make it a grouped
frequency table)
b. what can divide into 45 to make 6 – 10 intervals?
45 / 2 = 23 intervals (too many)
45 / 5 = 9 intervals (sounds good)
c. you have 9 intervals
each interval is 5 units
d. make your frequency table using multiples of 5
make sure to include your lowest score
X f %
60 –
64 2 6.25%
55 –
59 4 12.5%
50 –
54 4 12.5%
45 –
49 3 9.38%
40 –
44 1 3.13%
35 –
39 3 9.38%
30 –
34 5 15.63%
25 –
29 5 15.63%
20 –
24 4 12.5%
15 –
19 1 3.13%
Σf =
32 100%
Graph
5
X
X
4
X
X
X
X
X
3
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
2
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
1
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
17
22
27
32
37
42
47
52
57
62
Shape = it is fairly symmetrical with 2 modes. This
is a bimodal distribution (describes the shape)
Assignment
1. Create a Frequency Distribution Table and a Bar Chart for the
variable “Birthmonth”. Would any of the choices under
“Statistics” be appropriate for this frequency table? Why or why
not? Add any that you find appropriate to include.
2. Create a frequency distribution
Table and Bar Chart for “agecat”.
3. Using the data for the variable
“Scores”, create a grouped frequency table (not using
SPSS). Create 5 groups corresponding to the letter
grades A, B, C, D, and F. Your grouped frequency table
should include X, frequency, percentage and cumulative
percentage.
a.
Which grade was the most common?