QUESTIONS 1. Question 1: Frequency statistics (1 point) Estimate the frequency distribution for the three nominal (categ
Posted: Wed May 04, 2022 12:48 pm
QUESTIONS 1. Question 1: Frequency statistics (1 point) Estimate the frequency distribution for the three nominal (categorical) variables in the Instagram dataset. Create separate tables for each categorical variable and report both the actual frequency (N) and percentage (%) for each variable. Based on your frequency tables, answer the following questions: 1.1. Which country are most of the influencers from? 1.2. Which gender do most of the influencers belong to? 1.3. Which interest group do most of the influencers belong to? 2. Question 2: Descriptive statistics (1 point) Estimate the descriptive statistics (.e., mean, median, standard deviation, minimum, maximum, and range) for the interval and ratio scale variables in the Instagram dataset. Report the descriptive statistics for the four numeric variables in a single table.
3. Question 3: Parameter estimation (2 points) 3.1. Calculate the 95% confidence interval for the mean of number of followers. Report the lower and upper bounds for the mean of number of followers. Briefly explain the type of test/analysis you performed. 3.2. Calculate the 95% confidence interval for the mean of number of following Report the lower and upper bounds for the mean of number of following. Briefly explain the type of test/analysis you performed. 4. Question 4: Hypothesis testing (2 points) 4.1. Assume that your friend hypothesized based on her experience of following influencers on Instagram that a typical influencer will have 100,000 followers on Instagram. Perform a hypothesis test on SPSS based on a 95% confidence level to accept or reject your friend's hypothesis. Provide justification for your answer. Report your analysis in a Table. Briefly explain the type of test/analysis you performed. 4.2. Assume that your friend hypothesized-based on her experience of following influencers on Instagram- that a typical influencer will follow 200 users on Instagram. Perform a hypothesis test on SPSS based on a 95% confidence level to accept or reject your friend's hypothesis. Provide justification for your answer. Report your analysis in a Table. Briefly explain the type of test/analysis you performed. 5. Question 5: Group difference analysis (4 points) 5.1. Test whether there is a statistically significant difference in average engagement between UAE-based and Saudi-based Instagram influencers. Is the difference between these two groups in average engagement statistically significant? Identify and interpret the correct p-value to test the group difference. If there is significant difference between the two groups, which group has the highest engagement? Report the result of your t-test in a Table. 5.2. Test whether there is a statistically significant difference in average engagement between male and female Instagram influencers. Is the difference between these two groups in average engagement statistically significant? identify and interpret the correct p-value to test the group difference. If there is significant difference between the two groups, which group has the highest engagement? Report the result of your t-test in a Table
N Valid Valid Valid Valid Missing SAUDI UAE Total FEMALE MALE Total MULTIPLE SINGLE Total Statistics Country 76 0 Valid Missing Gender Interest 76 76 0 0 Country Percent Valid Percent 44.7 44.7 55.3 55.3 100.0 100.0 Gender Percent Valid Percent 42.1 42.1 57.9 57.9 100.0 100.0 Interest Percent Valid Percent 46.1 46.1 53.9 53.9 100.0 100.0 Frequency 34 42 76 Frequency 32 44 76 Frequency 35 41 76 Statistics Number of followers 76 Number of posts Number of following N 76 76 0 0 0 Mean 52134.33 551.63 Median 686.25 482.50 919 12200.00 368.50 Mode 12200 0* Std. Deviation 689.789 101958.914 608.661 Variance 475808.803 1.040E+10 370467.729 Range 3270 675165 4047 Minimum 44 835 0 Maximum 3314 676000 4047 a. Multiple modes exist. The smallest value is shown Cumulative Percent 44.7 100.0 Cumulative Percent 42.1 100.0 Cumulative Percent 46.1 100.0 Engagement 76 0 4.1797 4.4300 5.12 93510 .874 4.92 20 5.12
Number of posts t 8.673 One-Sample Test Significance One-Sided p Two-Sided p <.001 75 <.001 686.250 One-Sample Statistics Std. N Mean Deviation 686.25 One-Sample Test Significance One-Sided p Two-Sided p .077 155 Group Statistics N Mean 32 4.2078 44 4.1593 df Number of posts t -1.438 Number of posts Gender Engagement FEMALE MALE df 76 75 Test Value - 0 Mean Difference 689.789 Test Value 800 Mean Difference 95% Confidence interval of the Difference Lower Upper 528.63 -113.750 Std. Deviation 843.87 .80346 1.02895 Std. Error Mean 79.124 95% Confidence Interval of the Difference Lower Upper -271.37 43.87 Std. Error Mean .14203 .15512 D
*P 17 59 16 109 ett WET 128 129 EXT ot PSY 158 178 154 206 SEZ vez 230 212 zez 992 247 300 311 371 377 REV 421 445 TSP 463 404 460 485 452 416 455 ES 562 195 381 542 229 633 119 734 716 903 676 547 826 985 1065 1024 DETT 1305 21+ 1418 1497 1625 1891 1781 BOLZ 2956 3364 STEE Number of posts 1 13 1 13 1 2 1 Total 1 T 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 T 1 1 1 1 I T SEN 1 499 T *** 1 1 1 1 t 1 T T 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 T I 1 T 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 T 2 2 24 1 1 3 1 1 1 ET T T 1 26 " ET 13 13 11 11 26 11 E "T 13 13 23 ET 17: 13 33 11 13 FT EL 11 11 11 13 33 13 VE FE " 26 13 11 Et 11 E 11 Et IT IT 11 13 ET 11 13 E 2.4 13 13 13 13 ET " 11 11 11 13 13 "T F1 ET E 11 13 76 100.0 26 1.3 EL ET EE EL ET 26 EE 13 11 13 13 13 13 13 EE 13 ET 13 FL EL ET 13 EE ET 13 ET 24 24 E1 13 26 EL 13 ET Et 13 ET IT It Et Et 13 EL ET ET ET 13 13 13 26 13 13 Et 13 13 11 ET 13 ET 13 EL 1.3 13 13 13 ET 100 Com Perca 11 24 1.9 6.6 75 92 30.3 WIL ru 14,3 17.1 18.4 19.7 THE 22.4 23.7 25.0 263 274 26.9 30.1 316 32.9 THE 35.5 36.8 THE 19.3 40. TD FD. 46.2 48.7 50.0 CIS 33.9 Ess 36.4 37.9 265 60.5 ELA 43.2 64.3 5.4 47.3 18.4 CO 71.1 724 21.7 76.3 77% 78.9 40.3 814 42.9 14.2 45.5 16.8 zw 193 90.8 126 91.4 CH 16.3 37A 18.7 groo WILL 1/11 2041 me BUSE BELE 1240 3434 MEL 2 2KOH MEZ 441 TIP I UNT 109 667 2965 2931 2644 THE S 1804 9516 HIS 9430 BLAN 14300 19500 SON DOST Z SACZE COMIT DOVER DOKT 1 DOTAT DONT DONEZ MUZE 21500 31900 31200 38800 DONC DOEKE 75400 50012 79400 a 91400 2014 A 100000 155938 10000 2000 175000 340000 CO 000 PPL Number of followers 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 I 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 L 1 1 1 1 1 T 1 T 1 L 1 1 1 2 1 1 T 1 1 T 1 E 1 1 1 1 E 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 E 1 1 F n 11 13 11 Et 13 11 43 13 11 11 11 113 13 11 13 13 13 13 13 11 13 13 13 13 23 13 13 113 (1 17 13 11 13 13 11 FT 39 n 23 ET 11 n 11 26 11 23 13 13 ET 13 IT 23 11 E 11 13 ET 13 13 11 11 11 13 11 13 13 13 13 11 76 1000 13 13 1.3 ET 11 1.3 11 1.3 13 ET 13 11 1.3 1.3 13 1.1 13 11 1.3 Et 11 1.3 1.3 13 11. (1 1.3 13 11 13 EL 1.3 11 51 3.3 13 ET ET 11 2.3 13 97. M 1.3 13 13 1.3 13 13 1.3 CL 11 (1 13 11 13 1.3 13 " 1.1 (1 E 13 13 13 13 1.3 EL 100.0 Cumulative Percen 17 14 #T 11 66 2.9 12 38.5 WIT 312 14.3 158 37.3 18.4 39.7 112 V22 23.7 25.0 263 912 24.9 303 31.6 32.9 342 35.5 34.8 38.2 38.5 40.8 TTH PSP 447 19 47.4 45.7 925 635 55.3 995 12.9 39.2 605 759 539 43.8 67.1 F19 249 711 72.4 717 750 76.3 77.6 76.9 813 918 82.9 842 RLS TH 812 148 908 92.1 914 947 136 97.4 96.7 100.0
Vald 0 E W " 11 14 34 41 72 74 140 10 110 114 211 222 225 224 229 214 241 247 215 279 201 212 294 299 311 342 344 33 363 385 144 371 410 471 429 437 417 437 TEP ALE 513 534 549 SAZ 383 314 614 642 (19 705 715 510 81 116 Number of following Vald Pe 2.6 914 917 900 1006 1937 1101 1256 1136 1338 1101 2448 1500 2:05 4047 Total Pre 2 I 1 2 I 1 1 E 1 1 1 2 1 1 L T T 1 I 1 1 1 1 1 L 1 1 1 1 1 T I 1 1 1 1 I 1 1 1 545 1 1 1 1 1 I 1 1 1 1 1 I 1 1 10 T T 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 T 1 1 et 1 11 24 ET 13 13 13 13 11 11 24 13 13 13 13 13 1.3 13 13 (1 13 13 13 13 33 13 1.3 13 13 13 33 13 11 IT 23 13 13 13 13 13 33 13 13 FT. 13 2.3 13 33 11 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 1 13 1 13 76 100.0 1.3 13 43 13 13 13 IT L 13 13 43 23 11. 26 13 13 24 LE 13 13 13 13 13 1.3 24 13 13 13 13 13 1.3 13 13 13 11 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 4.3 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 11 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 11 13 13 13 13 1.3 13 13 13 13 13 13 groet Cun 3.9 13 19 92 18.5 118 11.2 14.5 15.8 17.3 18.7 21.1 224 21.7 21.0 26.3 276 28.9 30.3 316 12.9 342 31.5 36.8 382 38.5 40.8 421 414 447 46.1 47A 417 50.0 $13 52.6 51.9 55.3 995 $7.9 39.2 509 919 632 64.3 673 684 44.7 711 724 71.7 710 76.3 776 76.9 803 BLA 829 842 BLS BLI 812 8.5 908 92.1 914 947 96.1 974 917 1000 Valid 20 1.30 2.91 3.05 3.15 3.20 3.39 3.98 4.43 5.12 Total Engagement Percent Valid Percent 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 2.6 2.6 3.9 3.9 5.3 5.3 3.9 3.9 7 9.2 9.2 11 14.5 14.5 20 26.3 26.3 24 31.6 31.6 76 100.0 100.0 Frequency 1 1 2 3 4 3 Cumulative Percent 1.3 2.6 5.3 9.2 14.5 18.4 27.6 42.1 68.4 100.0 Focus
And Table Egal vers words Engun (UAE) ExperLNE aimed Independent Samples Test #f L 222 211 re's Test fo V p 343 747 P 14 76583 Hof Mean Spa One-Sided Top AL 825 411 409 THE D 21004 21012 Cerval of Upper 38/18 UNA +3706 41411 G 1921
3. Question 3: Parameter estimation (2 points) 3.1. Calculate the 95% confidence interval for the mean of number of followers. Report the lower and upper bounds for the mean of number of followers. Briefly explain the type of test/analysis you performed. 3.2. Calculate the 95% confidence interval for the mean of number of following Report the lower and upper bounds for the mean of number of following. Briefly explain the type of test/analysis you performed. 4. Question 4: Hypothesis testing (2 points) 4.1. Assume that your friend hypothesized based on her experience of following influencers on Instagram that a typical influencer will have 100,000 followers on Instagram. Perform a hypothesis test on SPSS based on a 95% confidence level to accept or reject your friend's hypothesis. Provide justification for your answer. Report your analysis in a Table. Briefly explain the type of test/analysis you performed. 4.2. Assume that your friend hypothesized-based on her experience of following influencers on Instagram- that a typical influencer will follow 200 users on Instagram. Perform a hypothesis test on SPSS based on a 95% confidence level to accept or reject your friend's hypothesis. Provide justification for your answer. Report your analysis in a Table. Briefly explain the type of test/analysis you performed. 5. Question 5: Group difference analysis (4 points) 5.1. Test whether there is a statistically significant difference in average engagement between UAE-based and Saudi-based Instagram influencers. Is the difference between these two groups in average engagement statistically significant? Identify and interpret the correct p-value to test the group difference. If there is significant difference between the two groups, which group has the highest engagement? Report the result of your t-test in a Table. 5.2. Test whether there is a statistically significant difference in average engagement between male and female Instagram influencers. Is the difference between these two groups in average engagement statistically significant? identify and interpret the correct p-value to test the group difference. If there is significant difference between the two groups, which group has the highest engagement? Report the result of your t-test in a Table
N Valid Valid Valid Valid Missing SAUDI UAE Total FEMALE MALE Total MULTIPLE SINGLE Total Statistics Country 76 0 Valid Missing Gender Interest 76 76 0 0 Country Percent Valid Percent 44.7 44.7 55.3 55.3 100.0 100.0 Gender Percent Valid Percent 42.1 42.1 57.9 57.9 100.0 100.0 Interest Percent Valid Percent 46.1 46.1 53.9 53.9 100.0 100.0 Frequency 34 42 76 Frequency 32 44 76 Frequency 35 41 76 Statistics Number of followers 76 Number of posts Number of following N 76 76 0 0 0 Mean 52134.33 551.63 Median 686.25 482.50 919 12200.00 368.50 Mode 12200 0* Std. Deviation 689.789 101958.914 608.661 Variance 475808.803 1.040E+10 370467.729 Range 3270 675165 4047 Minimum 44 835 0 Maximum 3314 676000 4047 a. Multiple modes exist. The smallest value is shown Cumulative Percent 44.7 100.0 Cumulative Percent 42.1 100.0 Cumulative Percent 46.1 100.0 Engagement 76 0 4.1797 4.4300 5.12 93510 .874 4.92 20 5.12
Number of posts t 8.673 One-Sample Test Significance One-Sided p Two-Sided p <.001 75 <.001 686.250 One-Sample Statistics Std. N Mean Deviation 686.25 One-Sample Test Significance One-Sided p Two-Sided p .077 155 Group Statistics N Mean 32 4.2078 44 4.1593 df Number of posts t -1.438 Number of posts Gender Engagement FEMALE MALE df 76 75 Test Value - 0 Mean Difference 689.789 Test Value 800 Mean Difference 95% Confidence interval of the Difference Lower Upper 528.63 -113.750 Std. Deviation 843.87 .80346 1.02895 Std. Error Mean 79.124 95% Confidence Interval of the Difference Lower Upper -271.37 43.87 Std. Error Mean .14203 .15512 D
*P 17 59 16 109 ett WET 128 129 EXT ot PSY 158 178 154 206 SEZ vez 230 212 zez 992 247 300 311 371 377 REV 421 445 TSP 463 404 460 485 452 416 455 ES 562 195 381 542 229 633 119 734 716 903 676 547 826 985 1065 1024 DETT 1305 21+ 1418 1497 1625 1891 1781 BOLZ 2956 3364 STEE Number of posts 1 13 1 13 1 2 1 Total 1 T 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 T 1 1 1 1 I T SEN 1 499 T *** 1 1 1 1 t 1 T T 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 T I 1 T 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 T 2 2 24 1 1 3 1 1 1 ET T T 1 26 " ET 13 13 11 11 26 11 E "T 13 13 23 ET 17: 13 33 11 13 FT EL 11 11 11 13 33 13 VE FE " 26 13 11 Et 11 E 11 Et IT IT 11 13 ET 11 13 E 2.4 13 13 13 13 ET " 11 11 11 13 13 "T F1 ET E 11 13 76 100.0 26 1.3 EL ET EE EL ET 26 EE 13 11 13 13 13 13 13 EE 13 ET 13 FL EL ET 13 EE ET 13 ET 24 24 E1 13 26 EL 13 ET Et 13 ET IT It Et Et 13 EL ET ET ET 13 13 13 26 13 13 Et 13 13 11 ET 13 ET 13 EL 1.3 13 13 13 ET 100 Com Perca 11 24 1.9 6.6 75 92 30.3 WIL ru 14,3 17.1 18.4 19.7 THE 22.4 23.7 25.0 263 274 26.9 30.1 316 32.9 THE 35.5 36.8 THE 19.3 40. TD FD. 46.2 48.7 50.0 CIS 33.9 Ess 36.4 37.9 265 60.5 ELA 43.2 64.3 5.4 47.3 18.4 CO 71.1 724 21.7 76.3 77% 78.9 40.3 814 42.9 14.2 45.5 16.8 zw 193 90.8 126 91.4 CH 16.3 37A 18.7 groo WILL 1/11 2041 me BUSE BELE 1240 3434 MEL 2 2KOH MEZ 441 TIP I UNT 109 667 2965 2931 2644 THE S 1804 9516 HIS 9430 BLAN 14300 19500 SON DOST Z SACZE COMIT DOVER DOKT 1 DOTAT DONT DONEZ MUZE 21500 31900 31200 38800 DONC DOEKE 75400 50012 79400 a 91400 2014 A 100000 155938 10000 2000 175000 340000 CO 000 PPL Number of followers 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 I 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 L 1 1 1 1 1 T 1 T 1 L 1 1 1 2 1 1 T 1 1 T 1 E 1 1 1 1 E 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 E 1 1 F n 11 13 11 Et 13 11 43 13 11 11 11 113 13 11 13 13 13 13 13 11 13 13 13 13 23 13 13 113 (1 17 13 11 13 13 11 FT 39 n 23 ET 11 n 11 26 11 23 13 13 ET 13 IT 23 11 E 11 13 ET 13 13 11 11 11 13 11 13 13 13 13 11 76 1000 13 13 1.3 ET 11 1.3 11 1.3 13 ET 13 11 1.3 1.3 13 1.1 13 11 1.3 Et 11 1.3 1.3 13 11. (1 1.3 13 11 13 EL 1.3 11 51 3.3 13 ET ET 11 2.3 13 97. M 1.3 13 13 1.3 13 13 1.3 CL 11 (1 13 11 13 1.3 13 " 1.1 (1 E 13 13 13 13 1.3 EL 100.0 Cumulative Percen 17 14 #T 11 66 2.9 12 38.5 WIT 312 14.3 158 37.3 18.4 39.7 112 V22 23.7 25.0 263 912 24.9 303 31.6 32.9 342 35.5 34.8 38.2 38.5 40.8 TTH PSP 447 19 47.4 45.7 925 635 55.3 995 12.9 39.2 605 759 539 43.8 67.1 F19 249 711 72.4 717 750 76.3 77.6 76.9 813 918 82.9 842 RLS TH 812 148 908 92.1 914 947 136 97.4 96.7 100.0
Vald 0 E W " 11 14 34 41 72 74 140 10 110 114 211 222 225 224 229 214 241 247 215 279 201 212 294 299 311 342 344 33 363 385 144 371 410 471 429 437 417 437 TEP ALE 513 534 549 SAZ 383 314 614 642 (19 705 715 510 81 116 Number of following Vald Pe 2.6 914 917 900 1006 1937 1101 1256 1136 1338 1101 2448 1500 2:05 4047 Total Pre 2 I 1 2 I 1 1 E 1 1 1 2 1 1 L T T 1 I 1 1 1 1 1 L 1 1 1 1 1 T I 1 1 1 1 I 1 1 1 545 1 1 1 1 1 I 1 1 1 1 1 I 1 1 10 T T 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 T 1 1 et 1 11 24 ET 13 13 13 13 11 11 24 13 13 13 13 13 1.3 13 13 (1 13 13 13 13 33 13 1.3 13 13 13 33 13 11 IT 23 13 13 13 13 13 33 13 13 FT. 13 2.3 13 33 11 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 1 13 1 13 76 100.0 1.3 13 43 13 13 13 IT L 13 13 43 23 11. 26 13 13 24 LE 13 13 13 13 13 1.3 24 13 13 13 13 13 1.3 13 13 13 11 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 4.3 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 11 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 11 13 13 13 13 1.3 13 13 13 13 13 13 groet Cun 3.9 13 19 92 18.5 118 11.2 14.5 15.8 17.3 18.7 21.1 224 21.7 21.0 26.3 276 28.9 30.3 316 12.9 342 31.5 36.8 382 38.5 40.8 421 414 447 46.1 47A 417 50.0 $13 52.6 51.9 55.3 995 $7.9 39.2 509 919 632 64.3 673 684 44.7 711 724 71.7 710 76.3 776 76.9 803 BLA 829 842 BLS BLI 812 8.5 908 92.1 914 947 96.1 974 917 1000 Valid 20 1.30 2.91 3.05 3.15 3.20 3.39 3.98 4.43 5.12 Total Engagement Percent Valid Percent 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 2.6 2.6 3.9 3.9 5.3 5.3 3.9 3.9 7 9.2 9.2 11 14.5 14.5 20 26.3 26.3 24 31.6 31.6 76 100.0 100.0 Frequency 1 1 2 3 4 3 Cumulative Percent 1.3 2.6 5.3 9.2 14.5 18.4 27.6 42.1 68.4 100.0 Focus
And Table Egal vers words Engun (UAE) ExperLNE aimed Independent Samples Test #f L 222 211 re's Test fo V p 343 747 P 14 76583 Hof Mean Spa One-Sided Top AL 825 411 409 THE D 21004 21012 Cerval of Upper 38/18 UNA +3706 41411 G 1921