(a) Illuminating Engineering Society (IES) is a recognized technical and educational authority on illumination, which pu
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(a) Illuminating Engineering Society (IES) is a recognized technical and educational authority on illumination, which pu
(a) Illuminating Engineering Society (IES) is a recognized technical and educational authority on illumination, which publishes various documents, including standards on illumination level. In Malaysia however, there are guidelines from Malaysia Standard (MS 1525) and Public Works Department (JKR) for these standards. Table Q3(a) shows an example on the illumination level standards. Based on the table, deduce the reasons which contribute to lower illumination levels in Malaysia (MS and JKR) as compared to IES. (b) Suppose: N= No. of lamps W= Wattage of each lamp η= Efficiency of each lamp (lm/watt) UF= Utilization Factor DF= Depreciation Factor MF= Maintenance Factor By using Lumen method prove that DF is the reciprocal of MF.
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